Throughout history, many Fascist leaders have come to power, and maintained control of their respective countries throughout their reign as dictators.
The dictators that will be focused on are as follows; Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Suharto and Francisco Franco.
ADOLF HITLER
Born:: 20th of April, 1889
Died: 30th of April, 1945
Country Ruled: Germany
Time of Reign: 1933-1945
Name of Political Party: National Socialist German Workers Party
Adolf Hitler is the most commonly known of all Fascist Leaders. Born in Austria in 1889, Hitler rose to power in German politics as leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party, also known as the Nazi Party. Hitler was chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and served as dictator from 1934 to 1945. His policies precipitated World War II and the Holocaust. Hitler committed suicide with wife Eva Braun on April 30, 1945 in his Berlin bunker.
Benito Mussolini
Born: 29th of July, 1883
Died: 28th of April, 1945
Country Ruled: Italy
Time of Reign: 1919-1945
Name of Political Party: National Fascist Party
Born in 1883 in Dovia di Predappio, Forlì, Italy, Benito Mussolini was an ardent socialist as a youth, following in his father's political footsteps, but was expelled by the party for his support of World War I. In 1919, he created the Fascist Party, eventually making himself dictator and holding all the power in Italy. He overextended his forces during World War II and was eventually killed by his own people, on April 28, 1945, in Mezzegra, Italy.
Suharto
Born: 8th of June, 1921
Died: 27th of January, 2008
Country Ruled: Indonesia
Time of Reign: 1967-1998
Name of Political Party: Golkar
The second president after Indonesia's independence, Suharto (born 1921) was a strong anti-Communist who drew Indonesia closer to the West and presided during a period of economic improvement in the country. His tenure as dictator was plagued with negative publicity regarding suppression of opposition and serious human rights violations, particularly in East Timor, a former Portuguese colony that Indonesia forcibly occupied starting in 1975. The Indonesian actions against East Timor have led to much of the extreme poverty that is prominent in the country to this day.
Francisco Franco
Born: 4th of December, 1892
Died: 20th of November, 1975
Country Ruled: Spain
Time of Reign: 1938-1973
Name of Political Party: Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista
A previous general and dictator, Francisco Franco ruled over Spain from 1939 until his death. He rose to power during the Spanish Civil War when, with the help of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, his Nationalist forces overthrew the democratically elected Second Republic. Adopting the title of “El Caudillo” (The Leader), Franco persecuted political opponents, repressed the culture and language of Spain’s Basque and Catalan regions, censured the media and otherwise exerted absolute control over the country. Some of these restrictions gradually eased as Franco got older, and upon his death the country transitioned to democracy.
The dictators that will be focused on are as follows; Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Suharto and Francisco Franco.
ADOLF HITLER
Born:: 20th of April, 1889
Died: 30th of April, 1945
Country Ruled: Germany
Time of Reign: 1933-1945
Name of Political Party: National Socialist German Workers Party
Adolf Hitler is the most commonly known of all Fascist Leaders. Born in Austria in 1889, Hitler rose to power in German politics as leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party, also known as the Nazi Party. Hitler was chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and served as dictator from 1934 to 1945. His policies precipitated World War II and the Holocaust. Hitler committed suicide with wife Eva Braun on April 30, 1945 in his Berlin bunker.
Benito Mussolini
Born: 29th of July, 1883
Died: 28th of April, 1945
Country Ruled: Italy
Time of Reign: 1919-1945
Name of Political Party: National Fascist Party
Born in 1883 in Dovia di Predappio, Forlì, Italy, Benito Mussolini was an ardent socialist as a youth, following in his father's political footsteps, but was expelled by the party for his support of World War I. In 1919, he created the Fascist Party, eventually making himself dictator and holding all the power in Italy. He overextended his forces during World War II and was eventually killed by his own people, on April 28, 1945, in Mezzegra, Italy.
Suharto
Born: 8th of June, 1921
Died: 27th of January, 2008
Country Ruled: Indonesia
Time of Reign: 1967-1998
Name of Political Party: Golkar
The second president after Indonesia's independence, Suharto (born 1921) was a strong anti-Communist who drew Indonesia closer to the West and presided during a period of economic improvement in the country. His tenure as dictator was plagued with negative publicity regarding suppression of opposition and serious human rights violations, particularly in East Timor, a former Portuguese colony that Indonesia forcibly occupied starting in 1975. The Indonesian actions against East Timor have led to much of the extreme poverty that is prominent in the country to this day.
Francisco Franco
Born: 4th of December, 1892
Died: 20th of November, 1975
Country Ruled: Spain
Time of Reign: 1938-1973
Name of Political Party: Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista
A previous general and dictator, Francisco Franco ruled over Spain from 1939 until his death. He rose to power during the Spanish Civil War when, with the help of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, his Nationalist forces overthrew the democratically elected Second Republic. Adopting the title of “El Caudillo” (The Leader), Franco persecuted political opponents, repressed the culture and language of Spain’s Basque and Catalan regions, censured the media and otherwise exerted absolute control over the country. Some of these restrictions gradually eased as Franco got older, and upon his death the country transitioned to democracy.